在管理实践中发现，不少乡村或个体瓦斯榴莲视频在线观看污，由于运行人员文化程度低，加上没有受到正规、系统的技术培训，他们缺乏对瓦斯榴莲视频在线观看污发电机运行维护经验，致使发电机长期带病低效运行，影响了水电站的安全和效益。下面就水电站发电机的运行维护，有以下几点经验和体会，供瓦斯榴莲视频在线观看污的运行管理人员参考。

　　In management practice, it has been found that many rural or individual gas generator units lack experience in the operation and maintenance of gas generator units due to the low educational level of the operating personnel and the lack of formal and systematic technical training, resulting in long-term and inefficient operation of the generators, which affects the safety and efficiency of hydropower stations. Below are some experiences and insights on the operation and maintenance of hydroelectric power generators, for the reference of operation and management personnel of gas generator units.

　　1、保持发电机的清洁

　　1. Keep the generator clean

　　经常清除发电机表面的油污和灰尘，定期清除发电机的电刷粉末,灰尘和电刷粉末被吸入到发电机的内部，会造成发电机的绝缘降低，甚至会引起发电机的内部短。清扫方法可用高压气筒打气吹清洁,也可用毛刷进行清扫，再用干净布蘸上酒精清除污垢和电刷粉末，特别是发电机的电刷滑环部位要定期认真进行清洁。

　　Regularly remove oil and dust from the surface of the generator, and regularly clean the brush powder of the generator. If dust and brush powder are sucked into the interior of the generator, it can cause a decrease in insulation and even lead to internal short circuits of the generator. The cleaning method can be to use a high-pressure air cylinder to blow and clean, or to use a brush for cleaning. Then, use a clean cloth dipped in alcohol to remove dirt and brush powder, especially the brush slip ring of the generator, which should be cleaned regularly and carefully.

　　2、经常对电刷滑环进行检查和维护

　　2. Regularly inspect and maintain the electric brush slip ring

　　发电机能否安全稳定运行，与正确进行滑环维护，正确选择电刷，有着极其重要的关系。往往由于电刷的选用不当，滑环的维护不及时，加速了发电机电刷、滑环的磨损。有时磨损落下的碳粉与铜末，吸入线圈端头而引起短路，烧坏绕组，致使发电机不能正常运行，无功出力不足,影响机组的安全和效率,因此，必须经常对电刷滑环进行检查和维护。

　　The safe and stable operation of the generator is closely related to the correct maintenance of the slip ring and the proper selection of the electric brush. Often due to improper selection of electric brushes and untimely maintenance of slip rings, the wear of generator brushes and slip rings is accelerated. Sometimes the carbon powder and copper powder that fall from wear and tear can be sucked into the coil end, causing a short circuit and burning out the winding, resulting in the generator being unable to operate normally, insufficient reactive power output, and affecting the safety and efficiency of the unit. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly inspect and maintain the electric brush slip ring.

　　运行中的电刷必须在滑环的中心线上，电刷与刷握配合不能太紧，要保证电刷在刷握之间有0.1~0.2mm的间隙，太紧了可稍微磨小电刷尺寸。允许电刷在刷握内有少量的纵向跳动，允许电刷有少量火花，但跳动过大或火花严重,必须进行维修。如果电刷位置不在中心线上，可调整刷杆或者刷握位置，固定刷辫的螺栓应当紧固。刷握的弹簧必须有一定的压力，且不能太紧、太松或者松紧不均，应调整弹簧的压力使之大小适中且均匀。

　　The running electric brush must be on the center line of the slip ring, and the fit between the electric brush and the brush holder should not be too tight. It is necessary to ensure that there is a gap of 0.1-0.2mm between the electric brush and the brush holder. If it is too tight, the size of the electric brush can be slightly reduced. Allow a small amount of longitudinal runout of the brush holder and a small amount of spark in the brush, but if the runout is too large or the spark is severe, maintenance must be carried out. If the position of the brush is not on the centerline, the position of the brush rod or brush holder can be adjusted, and the bolts fixing the brush braid should be tightened. The spring of the brush holder must have a certain amount of pressure, and should not be too tight, too loose, or unevenly tensioned. The pressure of the spring should be adjusted to be moderate and uniform in size.

　　电刷磨损过度，或者使用的电刷型号不对，会产生严重火花烧坏滑环，应当及时进行更换。更换电刷要使用原发电机厂家规定型号的电刷，或者符合滑环技术要求的电刷。如果不清楚电刷的型号时，对于发电机转速1000r/min及以下的，可以采用D104型石墨电刷。每次更换电刷的数量不能超过电刷总数的1/3，而且与滑环的接触面要研磨成弧形，使之与滑环接触良好。

　　Excessive wear of the electric brush, or using the wrong type of electric brush, can cause serious sparks and burn out the slip ring. It should be replaced in a timely manner. To replace the electric brush, use the electric brush specified by the original generator manufacturer or the electric brush that meets the technical requirements of the slip ring. If the model of the brush is unclear, D104 graphite brush can be used for generator speeds of 1000r/min and below. The number of brushes replaced each time should not exceed one-third of the total number of brushes, and the contact surface with the slip ring should be ground into an arc shape to ensure good contact with the slip ring.

　　发电机滑环的表面应当圆而光滑，否则会加速电刷的磨损，引起电刷火花严重，烧蚀滑环.滑环表面烧毛不光滑或者有小的凹槽，必须进行修复。其方法是慢慢转动转子,用平细锉刀用力平压在滑环上，对滑环表面进行打磨，然后在平木条面上铺上00号细玻璃砂纸，对滑环表面进行研磨精光，最后用毛刷仔细清除锉刀屑和砂纸屑。大的凹槽或者刷滑严重失圆时，必须拆下滑环用车床修复。滑环与电刷接触不良产生高温，会使滑环上的螺栓绝缘套管老化甚至烧坏，引起励磁系统短路。如果该绝缘套管被烧坏，又无备品更换，可用干燥的小竹管替代。方法是，选择一段干燥的小竹管(竹管的空心应与螺栓的直径相同)，将螺栓穿入空心的竹管内，慢慢刮削竹管的外圆，使穿有螺栓的竹管正好能穿过滑环上的孔，切去多余的部分，装上绝缘垫片，紧固螺栓即可。

　　The surface of the generator slip ring should be round and smooth, otherwise it will accelerate the wear of the electric brush, cause serious sparks from the electric brush, and burn the slip ring The surface of the slip ring is not smooth or has small grooves, which must be repaired. The method is to slowly rotate the rotor, use a flat and fine file to press it firmly onto the slip ring, polish the surface of the slip ring, then lay 00 grit glass sandpaper on the flat wooden strip surface to polish the slip ring surface, and finally carefully remove the file debris and sandpaper debris with a brush. When there is a large groove or severe brush slip, the slip ring must be removed and repaired with a lathe. Poor contact between the slip ring and the electric brush can generate high temperatures, which can cause the insulation sleeve of the bolts on the slip ring to age or even burn out, resulting in a short circuit in the excitation system. If the insulation sleeve is burned out and there are no spare parts to replace, a dry small bamboo tube can be used as a substitute. The method is to select a dry small bamboo tube (the hollow of the bamboo tube should be the same diameter as the bolt), thread the bolt into the hollow bamboo tube, slowly scrape the outer circle of the bamboo tube, so that the bamboo tube with the bolt can pass through the hole on the slip ring, cut off the excess part, install the insulation pad, and tighten the bolt.

　　3、加强运行中发电机的监视和检查

　　3. Strengthen the monitoring and inspection of generators during operation

　　（1）发电机绕组温度、发电机轴承温度的检查监视

　　(1) Inspection and monitoring of generator winding temperature and generator bearing temperature

　　对正在运行的发电机，可用手背接触发电机外壳,检查其温度是否正常，与过去相比是否有大的变化等异常。用眼睛观察运行中的发电机出线接头，看其温度是否过高、接触不良造成接头发热。发热不严重的颜色为灰黑色，发热严重的呈红色。也可以用绝缘小棒，棒头沾一点水触及发电机被测试相的出线桩头，如果温度过高则会散发热气。但应注意,严禁同时触及两相接线桩头，以防发生短路。也可以停机切断电源后，立即用手触摸发电机出线接头和励磁线接头，查看其温度是否过高，如过高必须立即进行处理。铜铝导线相连接时，接头应该采用铜铝接线鼻或者铜铝设备线夹，最好在接合面上涂一层导电膏。发电机出线接头必须紧固可靠，接线螺栓的上下两面都要有垫片。紧固铜螺栓时必须缓慢用力拧紧,全部拧紧后，还要检查一遍，确保万无一失。

　　For a running generator, you can touch the generator casing with your hand to check if its temperature is normal and if there are any significant changes compared to the past. Observe the running generator outlet connector with your eyes to see if its temperature is too high or if poor contact causes the connector to heat up. The color of mild fever is gray black, while severe fever is red. An insulated rod can also be used, with the tip of the rod dipped in a little water and touching the output pile head of the tested phase of the generator. If the temperature is too high, it will emit hot air. However, it should be noted that it is strictly prohibited to touch the two phase connection pile heads at the same time to prevent short circuits. You can also stop the machine and cut off the power supply, and immediately touch the generator outlet connector and excitation line connector with your hand to check if their temperature is too high. If it is too high, it must be dealt with immediately. When connecting copper aluminum wires, copper aluminum wire connectors or copper aluminum equipment clamps should be used for the joints, and it is best to apply a layer of conductive paste on the joint surface. The generator outlet joint must be securely fastened, and there should be gaskets on both sides of the wiring bolt. When tightening copper bolts, they must be tightened slowly and forcefully. After tightening them all, they should be checked again to ensure that everything is foolproof.

　　（2）发电机运行声音及振动的检查监视

　　(2) Inspection and monitoring of generator operation sound and vibration

　　发电机地脚螺栓松动或者损坏，会引起机组振动,应当紧固螺栓或者更换损坏的螺栓。发电机的轴承部位出现异常振动和响声，有可能是发电机的轴承缺少润滑油或者轴承损坏，必须进行加油或更换。发电机采用的是滚动轴承一般选用2号或3号钠基润滑脂或钙钠基润滑脂，不同规格的润滑脂不能混合使用，以免油脂变质.每运行2500~3000h，应清洗轴承，更换新油脂，加油脂时应注意以轴承腔容积的2/3为宜。正常的发电机在运行中应有均匀的“嗡嗡”声，否则应立即停机检查检修。

　　Loose or damaged foundation bolts of the generator can cause vibration of the unit, and the bolts should be tightened or the damaged bolts replaced. Abnormal vibration and noise in the bearing parts of the generator may be due to a lack of lubricating oil or damage to the bearings, which must be refueled or replaced. The generator uses rolling bearings and generally uses No.2 or No.3 sodium based grease or calcium sodium based grease. Different specifications of grease cannot be mixed to avoid grease deterioration Every 2500-3000 hours of operation, the bearings should be cleaned and new grease should be replaced. When adding grease, it is advisable to use 2/3 of the bearing chamber volume. A normal generator should have a uniform buzzing sound during operation, otherwise it should be immediately shut down for inspection and maintenance.

　　（3）发电机电流、励磁电流、电压的监视要对定子电流、励磁电流、电压、功率进行监测,防止发电机过负荷、缺相，发电机定子、励磁系统及发电机外部电路等发生故障而损坏发电机。运行中还要监视发电机是否有异常气味，发电机有异常气味，必须立即停机检查和检修。

　　(3) The monitoring of generator current, excitation current, and voltage requires monitoring of stator current, excitation current, voltage, and power to prevent generator overload, phase loss, and damage to the generator caused by faults in the stator, excitation system, and external circuits. During operation, it is also necessary to monitor whether the generator has any abnormal odor. If the generator has any abnormal odor, it must be stopped immediately for inspection and maintenance.

　　（4）要预防鼠害实践中发现不少发电机房内有老鼠，咬破发电机线圈，对发电机的危害极大。因此，要在发电机房内进行灭鼠，还要对发电机的进风口、端盖处空隙安装防护网，并定期对发电机的端盖及气隙槽进行清理。

　　(4) In practice, it has been found that there are many mice in the generator room that bite through the generator coil, posing great harm to the generator. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out rodent control in the generator room, install protective nets at the air inlet and end cover gaps of the generator, and regularly clean the end cover and air gap groove of the generator.

　　本文由  瓦斯榴莲视频在线观看污  友情奉献.更多有关的知识请点击  http://www.wqeshop.com/   真诚的态度.为您提供为全面的服务.更多有关的知识榴莲视频IOS污将会陆续向大家奉献.敬请期待.

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